THEnet‘s SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY FRAMEWORK

Learn more—Download the Framework

WHY & HOW

Social Accountability in Health Professional Education

To meet evolving needs, health professions education must embrace globally recognized socially accountable approaches. THEnet and its partners lead this effort by collaborating with health sectors, policymakers, and communities to drive meaningful education and health system reform.

THEnet's Social Accountability Framework & Theory of Change

THEnet’s Social Accountibility Framework helps institutions align health professional training with social accountability principles, focusing on evidence-based, people-centered education to reduce health inequities and address social determinants of health.
Socially accountable schools go beyond counting graduates or publications; they assess if graduates’ skills meet community needs and if their research influences policy. They prioritize recruiting students committed to serving underserved areas.

Rooted in a strong Theory of Change the THEnet’s Social Accountibility Framework emphasizes continuous needs assessments, stakeholder collaboration, and regular evaluation to keep health programs effective and responsive.

HOW TO USE THE FRAMEWORK

The Framework and its accompanying Toolkit help individuals and institutions
design, modify, and evaluate institutional and educational strategies and programs and guide institutions to become more socially accountable and thus better meet the needs of the communities and health systems they serve

Below is a step-by-step guide for evaluating the impact of institutional and educational strategies on your graduates, and the communities and health system your institution or program serves.

Ethics Application

Submit an ethics application to your ethics boards.

Workshop

Conduct a workshop for the stakeholders of your school to familiarize them with the SA Framework and find out where you can locate some of the information.

Collect Data

Use the information from the workshop to start collecting data through document review, and focus groups and interviews.

Review and analyze data

Review and analyze data and determine strengths, weaknesses and gaps

Write Up Results

Synthesize, organize and write up results of the evaluation and identify opportunities for improvement and additional research.

Report Dissemination

Share the report and results with others through presentation, publications and with THEnet so that we can learn from you.

THE FRAMEWORK TOOLKIT

We have developed some tools to help you apply the framework. We encourage you to adapt these tools for your own context.

To obtain the the tools below please click and provide your name, email and affiliation and you will receive an email that contains the link to download the tool you have selected. If publishing, please use the following citation: Training for Health Equity Network. THEnet’s Framework for Socially Accountable Health Workforce Education Version II. Training for Health Equity Network, 2016.
SA Framework Management Plan

The SA Framework Project Management Plan has been created to help established schools to work through the process of using the Framework. As the Framework is designed to be used in a number of ways, please adapt this plan to your own setting.

Generic Ethics Application

A Generic Ethics Application has been created for you to use prior to starting work with the Framework at your school. As ethics requirements are often different between schools, the template can be adjusted to your own school.

Workshop Workbook

An introductory workshop is recommended as the first step at each school as an awareness-raising exercise and to introduce the term social accountability to the school community.

Focus Groups & Interviews

Focus Groups / Interviews – A ‘How To’ Guide and List of Questions

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Many individuals were involved in the development and review of the Framework for Socially Accountable Health Workforce Education. They include:

Original developers of the Framework (version 1.0 published February, 2012):

Sarah Larkins, Iris Lindemann, Marie Matte, Jose Alvin P Mojica, André-Jacques Neusy, Björg Pálsdóttir, Robyn Preston, Rex Samson, Simone Ross, David Buso, Filedito Tandinco, and Afdal Kunting

Other contributors to the development of the Framework (version 1.0):

Charles Boelen, Kate Brennan, Juan Carrizo, Pasqualito Concepcion, Fortunato L. Cristobal, Aaron, Goldstein, Jenenne Greenhill, Dan Hunt, Jehu Iputo, Joel Lanphear, David Marsh, Khaya Mfenyana, Ileana del Rosario Morales Suárez, Richard Murray, David Prideaux, Jusie Lydia Siega-Sur, Roger Strasser, Sarah Strasser, Paul Worley, and Zorayda Leopando

Developers of version 2 of the Framework online (Version 2.0 published June, 2014):

Simone Ross, Sarah Larkins, Björg Pálsdóttir, Robyn Preston, Kristien Michielsen, Torres Woolley, and André-Jacques Neusy

Further acknowledgements:

The Framework and this resource was funded by the generous support of the Atlantic Charitable Trust. THEnet would also like to thank the Arcadia Foundation for their generous support. We are indebted to Charles Boelen and Robert Woollard who developed the Conceptualisation– Production–Usability Model that THEnet used as a basis for the development of the Framework.

Coleen De Villa

Administrator
Coleen De Villa worked with the Development Academy of the Philippines, WHO, and the Department of Health, excelling in project coordination, research management, and training facilitation.

Dr. Sarah Larkins

MBBS, BMedSci, MPH&TM, PhD, FRACGP, FARGP, GAICD Dean, College of Medicine and Dentistry and Professor, Health Systems Strengthening James Cook University
Dr Sarah Larkins is an experienced research leader, general practitioner and Dean, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, comprising disciplines of Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Public Health and Tropical Medicine and Biomedicine and Molecular Cell Biology.  As a clinician researcher, Sarah has particular skills and experience in health systems and workforce research and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health research and is a recognised expert in social accountability in health professional education. Sarah is also Co-Director of the Anton Breinl Research Centre for Health Systems Strengthening. Sarah has over 180 published peer-reviewed journal articles and several book chapters, with an h-index of 37, more than 4500 citations and well over $98m in grant funding.  She currently supervises 10 HDR students with 20 PhD completions.
Sarah’s particular focus is on collaborating to improve equity in health care services for underserved populations, particularly rural, remote, Indigenous and tropical populations, and on training a health workforce with appropriate knowledge, attitudes and skills for this purpose.  She currently serves as the Convenor, Clinical Leadership Group for the NHMRC-recognised Tropical Australian Academic Health Centre and a member of the National Health and Medical Research Council Research Committee for this triennium. Sarah has three young adult sons and loves travel, hiking and other outdoor activities.

Dr. Charlie Labarda

Board Member

Charlie Labarda, MD, PhD, is a Professor of Medicine and Dean of the School of Health Sciences at the University of the Philippines Manila (UPM-SHS), where he has taught for more than a decade. He is a regular member of the National research Council of the Philippines, belonging to the Medical Sciences Division (Division III). Before joining the medical faculty at UPM-SHS he trained in at the Department of Family and Community Medicine at the Philippine General Hospital. He finished his PhD in the Department of Psychology at The University of Hong Kong, his Master in Development Management from the Asian Institute of Management (high honors), Doctor of Medicine (cum laude) at the Our Lady of Fatima University-College of Medicine, and his undergraduate Social Sciences studies (cum laude) at UP Tacloban College. He was a topnotcher in the Physician Licensure Examination (8th place).

He served as the Unit Faculty Representative to the All UP Academic Employees Union-Manila Chapter. He is also part of the UPM-SHS core faculty for the Leadership and Development Program (LDP) capacitating local chief executives (governors and mayors) in strengthening their health systems to achieve the goals of universal health care and sustainable development goals (SDGs) of the Philippine government. He also volunteers as civil society partner of DSWD in its 4Ps Program as Vice-Chairperson for the National Independent Monitoring Committee (NIMC). He also helps in various DOH and WHO projects in line with his advocacies around medical education, health equity, disaster public health, resilient and healthy communities, and mental health especially in low resource settings. Recently he became part of the Data Science for Public Policy Working Group based at the UP Center for Integrative and Development Studies (UP-CIDS), promoting the use of data science for public policy.

Dr. Shafik Dharamsi

Board Member
Dr. Dharamsi is Professor and Dean of the School of Public Health at the University of North Texas Health Science Center (UNTHSC) in Forth Worth, Texas. He received his Ph.D. in 2003 from the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. After completing his doctoral education, he worked with the Aga Khan Development Network as the Regional Director of an innovative, community-engaged early childhood development initiative in East Africa (Kenya, Tanzania & Uganda). He then returned to Canada to join the University of British Columbia. His research focuses on social accountability and health professions education, global health, and social determinants of health.
He led the creation of an extensive, university-wide project that resulted in an innovative flagship initiative called the Ethics of International Engagement and Service Learning, which received the prestigious UBC Graduating Class Award for campus-wide initiatives that are “creative, support social justice, support sustainability, and support volunteer programs on campus.” Prior to joining UNTHSC, Dr. Dharamsi served in various academic leadership positions including as Senior Advisor the Provost at New Mexico State University, Dean of the College of Health Sciences at the University of Texas at El Paso, and Founding Associate Dean for the new School of Osteopathic Medicine at the University of the Incarnate Word in San Antonio. His work has been published widely and funded through prominent foundations and research agencies. He has extensive education, research and community development experience in Asia and Africa, as well as in Canada and the U.S.

Dr. Dharamsi currently serves as the Dean of the College of Public Health at the University of North Texas Health Science Center. With 25 years of experience, he brings an interdisciplinary background and extensive international and community development experience as an educator, scholar, and administrator.

Dr. Dharamsi’s academic journey began in Canada, where he earned an interdisciplinary PhD from the University of British Columbia (UBC) and achieved tenure in the Department of Family Medicine. He also co-directed the UBC Center for International Health.

 

His work is at the intersection of public health, medical humanities, global health, ethics, and the social determinants of health.

 

Born in Tanzania, Dr. Dharamsi is a first-generation high school and college graduate. He is deeply committed to student success. He began his career as an inner-city schoolteacher.

 

His career includes leadership roles as regional director for early childhood development and poverty alleviation in East Africa with the Aga Khan Development Network, founding associate dean of the School of Osteopathic Medicine at the University of the Incarnate Word in San Antonio, dean of the College of Health Sciences at the University of Texas at El Paso, and senior advisor to the provost at New Mexico State University.

 

Dedicated to advancing public health, Dr. Dharamsi actively serves on the boards of several national and international organizations, including the ASPPH Global Engagement and Partnerships Advisory Committee.

Bjorg Pálsdóttir, MPA

Chief Executive Officer and Co-Founder of THEnet
Before co-founding THEnet in 2008, Björg served as a consultant to organizations, governments and institutions such as the National Academy of Sciences, the World Bank and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
She is a member of the Institute of Medicine´s Global Forum on Innovation in Health Professional Education, chairing an Innovation Collaborative on on Learning through Community Engagement. Earlier she co-founded the Center for Global Health at New York University School of Medicine, and worked for the International Rescue Committee, an emergency relief and development organization as a Regional Coordinator for East and Central Africa.